Ellsworth’s Cinema of Swords: Wuxia in the Time of Kung Fu
The Fate of Lee Khan (Hong Kong, 1973)
Hong Kong directors King Hu and Chang Cheh had revived the wuxia, or chivalrous hero genre for the modern era in the late Sixties, dominating Asian box offices until Bruce Lee burst on the scene in 1971 with his weaponless kung fu films set in contemporary times. The biggest Hong Kong studios, Shaw Brothers, Golden Harvest, and Seasonal films, all began churning out kung fu thrillers as fast as they could. Historical wuxia movies were eclipsed during the kung fu boom, but the studios kept making them, and following the trend of the times they increasingly included unarmed action sequences amid the sword, spear, and axe fights. And as the martial arts bar was raised, the action kept getting faster.